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--- programming:php [2021/04/14 01:34]
nanodano
+++ programming:php [2022/03/13 19:00] (current)
nanodano ↷ Links adapted because of a move operation
@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 </code>
-See the [[:web_servers|web servers]] page for more info on configuring
+See the [[:web|web servers]] page for more info on configuring
 ===== Built-in webserver =====
@@ Line 40: / Line 40: @@
 Phar files are essentially tarballs of PHP content. In addition to the convenience of having a single .phar containing many files, the phar can be marked executable and treated like an executable Java JAR. See the [[https://www.php.net/manual/en/intro.phar.php|official phar documentation]].
-It can be treated as a special protocol for referencing files like this: ''phar://myphar.phar/file.php''. You can read or include files in this manner.
+It can be treated as a special protocol for referencing files like this: ''phar:%%//%%myphar.phar/file.php''
+You can read or include files in this manner.
 ===== Composer =====
-Refer to: [[https://www.devdungeon.com/content/php-composer-basics]]
+Composer is an optional tool for managing depedencies.
+See: [[https://www.devdungeon.com/content/php-composer-basics]]
@@ Line 61: / Line 64: @@
 </code>
+==== PHP info ====
+<code php php_info.php>
+<?php
+// Show all PHP configs/extensions
+phpinfo();
+</code>
 ==== Show all errors ====
@@ Line 164: / Line 174: @@
 $db = null;  // Close it
 </code>
+==== libgit2 ====
+See: https://www.devdungeon.com/content/how-perform-git-operations-php
+==== Crop images ====
+<code php crop_image_gd.php>
+// Crop using GD (`apt install php-gd`)
+$src_img = imagecreatefrompng('300x200.png');
+if(!$src_img) {
+    die('Error when reading the source image.');
+}
+$thumbnail = imagecreatetruecolor(200, 200);
+if(!$thumbnail) {
+    die('Error when creating the destination image.');
+}
+// Take 200x200 from 200x200 starting at 50,0
+$result = imagecopyresampled($thumbnail, $src_img, 0, 0, 50, 0, 200, 200, 200, 200);
+if(!$result) {
+    die('Error when generating the thumbnail.');
+}
+$result = imagejpeg($thumbnail, '200x200gd.png');
+if(!$result) {
+    die('Error when saving the thumbnail.');
+}
+$result = imagedestroy($thumbnail);
+if(!$result) {
+    die('Error when destroying the image.');
+}
+</code>
+<code php crop_image_imagick.php>
+// Crop image using Imagick (`apt install php-imagick`)
+$inFile = "300x200.png";
+$outFile = "200x200_imagick.png";
+$image = new Imagick($inFile);
+$image->cropImage(200,200, 50,0);
+$image->writeImage($outFile);
+</code>
+==== JSON ====
+<code php json.php>
+<?php
+# PHP object -> JSON string
+$json_string = json_encode(['my_key' => 'my value', 'other_key' => 'other value']);
+echo $json_string;
+# JSON string -> PHP object
+$json_string = '{"my_key":"my value","other_key":"other value"}';
+$my_array =  json_decode($json_string);
+print_r($my_array)
+// Dump/read from file
+file_put_contents('test.json', json_encode([2, 4, 6]));
+$my_array = json_decode(file_get_contents('test.json'));
+print_r($my_array);
+</code>
+==== Sockets ====
+=== TCP server ===
+<code php tcp_server.php>
+<?php
+$socket = stream_socket_server("tcp://192.168.1.5:8000", $errno, $errstr);
+if (!$socket) {
+  echo "$errstr ($errno)\n";
+  die('Could not create socket');
+}
+while (true) {
+  while ($conn = stream_socket_accept($socket, -1, $peername)) {
+    fwrite($conn, 'The local time is ' . date('n/j/Y g:i a') . "\n");
+    echo "Connection received from: $peername\n";
+    fclose($conn);
+  }
+}
+fclose($socket);
+</code>
+=== Generate SSL certificate ===
+<code php make_ssl_cert.php>
+<?php
+$certificateData = array(
+    "countryName" => "US",
+    "stateOrProvinceName" => "Texas",
+    "localityName" => "Houston",
+    "organizationName" => "Example.com",
+    "organizationalUnitName" => "Development",
+    "commonName" => "My Company",
+    "emailAddress" => "example@example.com"
+);
+// Generate certificate
+$privateKey = openssl_pkey_new();
+$certificate = openssl_csr_new($certificateData, $privateKey);
+$certificate = openssl_csr_sign($certificate, null, $privateKey, 365);
+// Generate PEM file
+$pem_passphrase = 'abracadabra'; // empty for no passphrase
+$pem = array();
+openssl_x509_export($certificate, $pem[0]);
+openssl_pkey_export($privateKey, $pem[1], $pem_passphrase);
+$pem = implode($pem);
+// Save PEM file
+$pemfile = './server.pem';
+file_put_contents($pemfile, $pem);
+</code>
+=== SSL server ===
+<code php ssl_server.php>
+<?php
+$context = stream_context_create();
+// local_cert must be in PEM format
+stream_context_set_option($context, 'ssl', 'local_cert', $pemfile);
+// Pass Phrase (password) of private key
+stream_context_set_option($context, 'ssl', 'passphrase', $pem_passphrase);
+stream_context_set_option($context, 'ssl', 'allow_self_signed', true);
+stream_context_set_option($context, 'ssl', 'verify_peer', false);
+// Create the server socket
+$socket = stream_socket_server(
+    'ssl://0.0.0.0:9001',
+    $errno,
+    $errstr,
+    STREAM_SERVER_BIND|STREAM_SERVER_LISTEN,
+    $context
+);
+// fwrite/fread to $socket
+</code>
+=== SSL client ===
+<code php ssl_client_simple.php>
+<?php
+// Simple SSL client
+$socket = stream_socket_client("ssl://192.168.1.2:5522", $errno, $errstr);
+if ($socket) { echo fread($socket, 2000); }
+</code>
+<code php ssl_client_full.php>
+<?php
+$host = '192.168.1.2';
+$port = 5522;
+$timeout = 30;
+$cert = 'e:\www\workspace\php\sockets\server.pem';
+$context = stream_context_create(
+    array('ssl'=>array('local_cert'=> $cert))
+);
+if ($socket = stream_socket_client(
+        'ssl://'.$host.':'.$port,
+        $errno,
+        $errstr,
+,
+        STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT,
+        $context)
+) {
+    fwrite($socket, "\n");
+    echo fread($socket,8192);
+    fclose($socket);
+} else {
+   echo "ERROR: $errno - $errstr\n";
+}
+</code>
+==== Tail a file ====
+<code php tail.php>
+<?php
+// The flushing may be affected by your web server and your browser
+// and how much data they require before they will flush the buffer.
+$handle = popen("tail -f /path/to/file 2>&1", 'r');
+while(!feof($handle)) {
+    $buffer = fgets($handle);
+    echo "$buffer<br/>\n";
+    ob_flush();
+    flush();
+}
+pclose($handle);
+</code>
+==== Simple HTTP request ====
+<code php http_get.php>
+<?php
+$data = file_get_contents("https://www.devdungeon.com/");
+print($data);
+</code>
+==== cURL requests ====
+Install [[https://packages.debian.org/buster/php-curl|php-curl]] on Debian. [[https://curl.se|cURL]] lets you make all kinds of requests, not just HTTP. See my tutorial: [[https://www.devdungeon.com/content/curl-tutorial|cURL Tutorial]].
+<code php curl_example.php>
+<?php
+// apt install php-curl
+$curlHandle = curl_init("http://www.devdungeon.com/");
+$filePointer = fopen("output.txt", "w");
+// Set options before executing
+curl_setopt($curlHandle, CURLOPT_FILE, $filePointer); // Output to file instead of STDOUT
+curl_setopt($curlHandle, CURLOPT_HEADER, 1); // Include headers
+curl_setopt($curlHandle, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 1); // Output extra details
+// Execute and clean up
+curl_exec($curlHandle);
+curl_close($curlHandle);
+fclose($filePointer);
+// Other available options
+/*
+CURLOPT_VERBOSE // 1 if you want Curl to give detailed reports about everything that is happening.
+CURLOPT_URL // String containing the URL you want Curl to fetch.
+CURLOPT_USERAGENT // A string containing the "user-agent" header to be used in a HTTP request.
+CURLOPT_TIMEOUT // A number equal to the maximum time in seconds that Curl functions can take.
+CURLOPT_NOBODY // 1 to tell Curl not to include the body part in the output. For HTTP(S) servers, this is equivalent to a HEAD request - only the headers will be returned.
+CURLOPT_POST // 1 if you want Curl to do a regular HTTP POST.
+CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS // A string containing the data to post in the HTTP "POST" operation.
+CURLOPT_COOKIE
+CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE
+CURLOPT_USERPWD // A string formatted in the username:password manner, for Curl to give to the remote server if requested.
+CURLOPT_RESUME_FROM // A number equal to the offset, in bytes, that you want your transfer to start from.
+CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION // 1 to follow Location: headers
+CURLOPT_MAXREDIRS // limits FollowLocations
+CURLOPT_REFERER // A string containing the "referer" header to be used in an HTTP request. This is only necessary if the remote server relies on this value.
+CURLOPT_FAILONERROR // 1 for silent fail
+CURLOPT_FTPAPPEND // append not overwrite
+CURLOPT_FTPLISTONLY // 1 to list just the names of an FTP directory as opposed to more detailed information.
+CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER //An array of HTTP header fields to be set.
+CURLOPT_INFILE // String containing the filename where the input of your transfer comes from.
+CURLOPT_INFILESIZE //The size of the file being uploaded to a remote site.
+CURLOPT_CRLF // convert unix to CRLF new lines
+CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER // 1 if you want Curl to return the transfer data instead of printing it out directly.
+CURLOPT_STDERR // A string containing the filename to write errors to instead of normal output.
+CURLOPT_UPLOAD // 1 if you want PHP to prepare for a file upload.
+CURLOPT_WRITEHEADER // containing the filename to write the header part of the output into.
+*/
+</code>

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