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programming:php [2021/04/14 00:40]
nanodano 		programming:php [2022/03/13 19:00] (current)
nanodano ↷ Links adapted because of a move operation
Line 17: Line 17:
 </code> </code>
  
-See the [[:web_servers|web servers]] page for more info on configuring  +See the [[:web|web servers]] page for more info on configuring 
- +
-===== Show all errors ===== +
- +
-<code php> +
-<?php +
-// The ini_set options could go in php.ini +
-ini_set('display_errors', 1); +
-ini_set('display_startup_errors', 1); +
-error_reporting(E_ALL); +
-</code>+
  
 ===== Built-in webserver ===== ===== Built-in webserver =====
Line 42: Line 32:
  
  
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +===== Phar files =====
 +
 +Phar files are essentially tarballs of PHP content. In addition to the convenience of having a single .phar containing many files, the phar can be marked executable and treated like an executable Java JAR. See the [[https://www.php.net/manual/en/intro.phar.php|official phar documentation]].
 +
 +It can be treated as a special protocol for referencing files like this: ''phar:%%//%%myphar.phar/file.php''
 +You can read or include files in this manner.
  
  
 ===== Composer ===== ===== Composer =====
  
-Refer to: [[https://www.devdungeon.com/content/php-composer-basics]]+Composer is an optional tool for managing depedencies. 
 + 
 +See: [[https://www.devdungeon.com/content/php-composer-basics]]
  
  
Line 62: Line 64:
 </code> </code>
  
-Run this example with the ''php'' interpreter:+==== PHP info ====
  
-<code bash> +<code php php_info.php> 
-php hello.php+<?php 
 +// Show all PHP configs/extensions 
 +phpinfo(); 
 +</code> 
 +==== Show all errors ==== 
 + 
 +<code php show_errors.php> 
 +<?php 
 +// Add this to turn on all errors (disable in production!) 
 + 
 +// The ini_set options could also go in php.ini 
 +ini_set('display_errors', 1); 
 +ini_set('display_startup_errors', 1); 
 +error_reporting(E_ALL); 
 +</code> 
 + 
 +==== Functions ==== 
 + 
 +<code php functions.php> 
 +<?php 
 + 
 +function greet($name, $greeting="Hi") { 
 +  print("$greeting, $name!"); 
 +} 
 + 
 +greet("NanoDano");  // Hi, NanoDano!
 </code> </code>
  
-==== Include another PHP file ====+==== Include a PHP file ====
  
 <code php load_lib.php> <code php load_lib.php>
Line 97: Line 124:
 </body> </body>
 </html> </html>
 +</code>
 +
 +==== Redirect ====
 +
 +Use the PHP function [[https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.header.php|header()]] to send a new ''Location'' header.
 +
 +<code php redirect.php>
 +<?php
 +// Set HTTP header to redirect
 +// Must go before any content is output
 +header('Location: /'); // Defaults to 302
 +
 +// Or specify status code
 +//header('Location: /', TRUE, 301);
 +
 +exit; // If you want to ensure nothing else gets output
 </code> </code>
  
Line 131: Line 174:
 $db = null;  // Close it $db = null;  // Close it
 </code> </code>
 +
 +==== libgit2 ====
 +
 +See: https://www.devdungeon.com/content/how-perform-git-operations-php
 +
 +==== Crop images ====
 +
 +<code php crop_image_gd.php>
 +// Crop using GD (`apt install php-gd`)
 +$src_img = imagecreatefrompng('300x200.png');
 +if(!$src_img) {
 +    die('Error when reading the source image.');
 +}
 +$thumbnail = imagecreatetruecolor(200, 200);
 +if(!$thumbnail) {
 +    die('Error when creating the destination image.');
 +}
 +// Take 200x200 from 200x200 starting at 50,0
 +$result = imagecopyresampled($thumbnail, $src_img, 0, 0, 50, 0, 200, 200, 200, 200);
 +if(!$result) {
 +    die('Error when generating the thumbnail.');
 +}
 +$result = imagejpeg($thumbnail, '200x200gd.png');
 +if(!$result) {
 +    die('Error when saving the thumbnail.');
 +}
 +$result = imagedestroy($thumbnail);
 +if(!$result) {
 +    die('Error when destroying the image.');
 +}
 +</code>
 +
 +<code php crop_image_imagick.php>
 +// Crop image using Imagick (`apt install php-imagick`)
 +$inFile = "300x200.png";
 +$outFile = "200x200_imagick.png";
 +$image = new Imagick($inFile);
 +$image->cropImage(200,200, 50,0);
 +$image->writeImage($outFile);
 +</code>
 +
 +
 +==== JSON ====
 +
 +<code php json.php>
 +<?php
 +# PHP object -> JSON string
 +$json_string = json_encode(['my_key' => 'my value', 'other_key' => 'other value']);
 +echo $json_string;
 +
 +# JSON string -> PHP object
 +$json_string = '{"my_key":"my value","other_key":"other value"}';
 +$my_array =  json_decode($json_string);
 +print_r($my_array)
 +
 +// Dump/read from file
 +file_put_contents('test.json', json_encode([2, 4, 6]));
 +$my_array = json_decode(file_get_contents('test.json'));
 +print_r($my_array);
 +</code>
 +
 +==== Sockets ====
 +
 +=== TCP server ===
 +
 +<code php tcp_server.php>
 +<?php
 +$socket = stream_socket_server("tcp://192.168.1.5:8000", $errno, $errstr);
 +if (!$socket) {
 +  echo "$errstr ($errno)\n";
 +  die('Could not create socket');
 +}
 +
 +while (true) {
 +  while ($conn = stream_socket_accept($socket, -1, $peername)) {
 +    fwrite($conn, 'The local time is ' . date('n/j/Y g:i a') . "\n");
 +    echo "Connection received from: $peername\n";
 +    fclose($conn);
 +  }
 +}
 +
 +fclose($socket);
 +</code>
 +
 +=== Generate SSL certificate ===
 +
 +<code php make_ssl_cert.php>
 +<?php
 +$certificateData = array(
 +    "countryName" => "US",
 +    "stateOrProvinceName" => "Texas",
 +    "localityName" => "Houston",
 +    "organizationName" => "Example.com",
 +    "organizationalUnitName" => "Development",
 +    "commonName" => "My Company",
 +    "emailAddress" => "example@example.com"
 +);
 +
 +// Generate certificate
 +$privateKey = openssl_pkey_new();
 +$certificate = openssl_csr_new($certificateData, $privateKey);
 +$certificate = openssl_csr_sign($certificate, null, $privateKey, 365);
 +
 +// Generate PEM file
 +$pem_passphrase = 'abracadabra'; // empty for no passphrase
 +$pem = array();
 +openssl_x509_export($certificate, $pem[0]);
 +openssl_pkey_export($privateKey, $pem[1], $pem_passphrase);
 +$pem = implode($pem);
 +
 +// Save PEM file
 +$pemfile = './server.pem';
 +file_put_contents($pemfile, $pem);
 +</code>
 +
 +=== SSL server ===
 +
 +<code php ssl_server.php>
 +<?php
 +$context = stream_context_create();
 +
 +// local_cert must be in PEM format
 +stream_context_set_option($context, 'ssl', 'local_cert', $pemfile);
 +
 +// Pass Phrase (password) of private key
 +stream_context_set_option($context, 'ssl', 'passphrase', $pem_passphrase);
 +stream_context_set_option($context, 'ssl', 'allow_self_signed', true);
 +stream_context_set_option($context, 'ssl', 'verify_peer', false);
 +
 +// Create the server socket
 +$socket = stream_socket_server(
 +    'ssl://0.0.0.0:9001',
 +    $errno,
 +    $errstr,
 +    STREAM_SERVER_BIND|STREAM_SERVER_LISTEN,
 +    $context
 +);
 +
 +// fwrite/fread to $socket
 +</code>
 +
 +=== SSL client ===
 +
 +<code php ssl_client_simple.php>
 +<?php
 +// Simple SSL client
 +$socket = stream_socket_client("ssl://192.168.1.2:5522", $errno, $errstr);
 +if ($socket) { echo fread($socket, 2000); }
 +</code>
 +
 +<code php ssl_client_full.php>
 +<?php
 +$host = '192.168.1.2';
 +$port = 5522;
 +$timeout = 30;
 +$cert = 'e:\www\workspace\php\sockets\server.pem';
 +$context = stream_context_create(
 +    array('ssl'=>array('local_cert'=> $cert))
 +);
 +if ($socket = stream_socket_client(
 +        'ssl://'.$host.':'.$port,
 +        $errno,
 +        $errstr,
 +        30,
 +        STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT,
 +        $context)
 +) {
 +    fwrite($socket, "\n");
 +    echo fread($socket,8192);
 +    fclose($socket);
 +} else {
 +   echo "ERROR: $errno - $errstr\n";
 +}
 +</code>
 +
 +==== Tail a file ====
 +
 +<code php tail.php>
 +<?php
 +// The flushing may be affected by your web server and your browser
 +// and how much data they require before they will flush the buffer.
 +$handle = popen("tail -f /path/to/file 2>&1", 'r');
 +while(!feof($handle)) {
 +    $buffer = fgets($handle);
 +    echo "$buffer<br/>\n";
 +    ob_flush();
 +    flush();
 +}
 +pclose($handle);
 +</code>
 +
 +==== Simple HTTP request ====
 +
 +<code php http_get.php>
 +<?php
 +$data = file_get_contents("https://www.devdungeon.com/");
 +print($data);
 +</code>
 +
 +==== cURL requests ====
 +
 +Install [[https://packages.debian.org/buster/php-curl|php-curl]] on Debian. [[https://curl.se|cURL]] lets you make all kinds of requests, not just HTTP. See my tutorial: [[https://www.devdungeon.com/content/curl-tutorial|cURL Tutorial]].
 +
 +<code php curl_example.php>
 +<?php
 +// apt install php-curl
 +$curlHandle = curl_init("http://www.devdungeon.com/");
 +$filePointer = fopen("output.txt", "w");
 +
 +// Set options before executing
 +curl_setopt($curlHandle, CURLOPT_FILE, $filePointer); // Output to file instead of STDOUT
 +curl_setopt($curlHandle, CURLOPT_HEADER, 1); // Include headers
 +curl_setopt($curlHandle, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 1); // Output extra details
 +
 +// Execute and clean up
 +curl_exec($curlHandle);
 +curl_close($curlHandle);
 +fclose($filePointer);
 +
 +// Other available options
 +/*
 +CURLOPT_VERBOSE // 1 if you want Curl to give detailed reports about everything that is happening.
 +CURLOPT_URL // String containing the URL you want Curl to fetch.
 +CURLOPT_USERAGENT // A string containing the "user-agent" header to be used in a HTTP request.
 +CURLOPT_TIMEOUT // A number equal to the maximum time in seconds that Curl functions can take.
 +CURLOPT_NOBODY // 1 to tell Curl not to include the body part in the output. For HTTP(S) servers, this is equivalent to a HEAD request - only the headers will be returned.
 +CURLOPT_POST // 1 if you want Curl to do a regular HTTP POST.
 +CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS // A string containing the data to post in the HTTP "POST" operation.
 +CURLOPT_COOKIE
 +CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE
 +CURLOPT_USERPWD // A string formatted in the username:password manner, for Curl to give to the remote server if requested.
 +CURLOPT_RESUME_FROM // A number equal to the offset, in bytes, that you want your transfer to start from.
 +CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION // 1 to follow Location: headers
 +CURLOPT_MAXREDIRS // limits FollowLocations
 +CURLOPT_REFERER // A string containing the "referer" header to be used in an HTTP request. This is only necessary if the remote server relies on this value.
 +CURLOPT_FAILONERROR // 1 for silent fail
 +CURLOPT_FTPAPPEND // append not overwrite
 +CURLOPT_FTPLISTONLY // 1 to list just the names of an FTP directory as opposed to more detailed information.
 +CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER //An array of HTTP header fields to be set.
 +CURLOPT_INFILE // String containing the filename where the input of your transfer comes from.
 +CURLOPT_INFILESIZE //The size of the file being uploaded to a remote site.
 +CURLOPT_CRLF // convert unix to CRLF new lines
 +CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER // 1 if you want Curl to return the transfer data instead of printing it out directly.
 +CURLOPT_STDERR // A string containing the filename to write errors to instead of normal output.
 +CURLOPT_UPLOAD // 1 if you want PHP to prepare for a file upload.
 +CURLOPT_WRITEHEADER // containing the filename to write the header part of the output into.
 +*/
 +</code>
 +
 +
 +
programming/php.1618360852.txt.gz · Last modified: 2021/04/14 00:40 by nanodano

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