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operating_systems:freedos [2022/03/15 02:36]
nanodano 		operating_systems:freedos [2022/03/21 23:53] (current)
nanodano [Dealing with JemmEx out of memory error]
Line 29: Line 29:
  
  
-==== Use installer ==== 
  
 +==== Minimal manual installation ====
  
-Recommended FULL install with source. The FULL install will give you the package manage `fdimples`.+Video on installing manually: [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=krbYBZr2ISw]]
  
-Download ISO from:  
- 
-- On physical machine 
-- In virtual machine - in VirtualBox, use the regular CD, not the Legacy one, but before you press "Install to hard disk" press `Tab` to edit the entry and add the word `raw` to the end. E.g. `.linux /isolinux/memdisk initrd=/isolinux/fdboot.img raw` otherwise you will get `Invalid Opcode at 0FAE 1068` messages. Set CPU max to 40% or it might go wild at some points. 
-- Formatting hard disk 
-  - From within FreeDOS: `format C:` or `format C: /s` for bootable. 
-  - or: `fdisk` 
-  - If you re-install it won't wipe the existing data. 
-  - http://wiki.freedos.org/wiki/index.php/Format 
-  - 
- 
-==== Manual installation ==== 
- 
-Video on installing manually: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=krbYBZr2ISw (Load live environment, use `fdisk` to partition disk, `format C: /s` to wipe drive and make bootable by copying system files, then get packages from \PACKAGES\BASE with `for %f in (*.ZIP) do unzip %f -x SOURCE/* -d C:\FDOS`) 
  
 Steps: Steps:
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   - Make the disk bootable and copy kernel with ''sys''   - Make the disk bootable and copy kernel with ''sys''
   - Optionally, install any desired packages by unzipping and copying them over   - Optionally, install any desired packages by unzipping and copying them over
 +
 +<code>
 +# Partition the disk, create file system, make bootable
 +# and install the kernel.sys + command.com
 +fdisk
 +# Reboot after this doing fdisk!
 +format d:
 +sys d:
 +
 +## Example of how to "install" packages from Base group
 +C:
 +cd \PACKAGES\BASE
 +# `-x SOURCE/*` will exclude files in source directories
 +# `-d sets the destination directory, where unzipped files go
 +for %f in (*.ZIP) do unzip %f -x SOURCE/* -d d:\FreeDOS
 +</code>
 +
 +By performing those steps, you have a minimal bootable system. There will only be two files on the drive: 
 +
 +  * ''KERNEL.SYS'' - The FreeDOS kernel itself
 +  * ''COMMAND.COM'' - The command prompt and built-in commands. Akin to Bash or BusyBox. This provides the ''C:\>'' prompt.
 +
 +If you boot up and get a prompt, excellent. Type ''?'' to get a list of built-in commands and features. You should see features like history, tab completion, directory stacks (''pushd''/''popd''), last directory (''cd -'').
  
 Example steps: Example steps:
Line 68: Line 77:
     * To install everything in a directory (omit -x if you do not want to exclude sources): ''cd \PACKAGES\BASE'' and ''for %f in (*.ZIP) do unzip %f -x SOURCE/* -d d:\FDOS'' or ''d:\FreeDOS'' in newer version.     * To install everything in a directory (omit -x if you do not want to exclude sources): ''cd \PACKAGES\BASE'' and ''for %f in (*.ZIP) do unzip %f -x SOURCE/* -d d:\FDOS'' or ''d:\FreeDOS'' in newer version.
   *    * 
 +
 +
 +==== Use installer ====
 +
 +
 +Recommended FULL install with source. The FULL install will give you the package manage `fdimples`.
 +
 +Download ISO from: 
 +
 +- On physical machine
 +- In virtual machine - in VirtualBox, use the regular CD, not the Legacy one, but before you press "Install to hard disk" press `Tab` to edit the entry and add the word `raw` to the end. E.g. `.linux /isolinux/memdisk initrd=/isolinux/fdboot.img raw` otherwise you will get `Invalid Opcode at 0FAE 1068` messages. Set CPU max to 40% or it might go wild at some points.
 +- Formatting hard disk
 +  - From within FreeDOS: `format C:` or `format C: /s` for bootable.
 +  - or: `fdisk`
 +  - If you re-install it won't wipe the existing data.
 +  - http://wiki.freedos.org/wiki/index.php/Format
 +  -
 +
 +
  
 ==== Dealing with JemmEx out of memory error ==== ==== Dealing with JemmEx out of memory error ====
Line 73: Line 101:
 [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q72PYNwHrHw]] [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q72PYNwHrHw]]
  
-Edit ''C:\fdconfig.sys'' to choose different memory option in menu.+Edit ''C:\fdconfig.sys'' to choose different memory option in menu. Try setting the default menu item to the one that loads no drivers at all. For me, option 3, the HIMEM one worked. 
 + 
 +Also refer to [[http://wiki.freedos.org/wiki/index.php/VirtualBox_-_Bugs:_JEMMEX]] which recommends making the following modification to the JemmEx option: 
 + 
 +<code> 
 +# Change from this 
 +1?DEVICE=C:\FDOS\BIN\JEMMEX.EXE NOEMS X=TEST I=TEST NOVME NOINVLPG 
 +# to this 
 +1?DEVICE=C:\FDOS\BIN\JEMMEX.EXE NOEMS X=TEST I=B000-B7FF I=C800-EFFF NOVME NOINVLPG 
 +</code> 
 + 
 +==== Dealing with unable to read hard disk error ==== 
 + 
 +When you use ''fdisk'' to partition the drive, it will initially ask you if you want to use large disks and format with FAT32. If you choose YES, you might end up getting errors when it tries to read the disk later. To solve this, choose NO when it asks you if you want to use extended disks. This will only use FAT16, whicht will limit you to 2GB max disk sizes. However, you can create one primary DOS partition of 2GB and then create an extended partition with numerous 2GB logical partitions. This way you can have an ''E:\'', ''F:\'', ''G:\'', ''H:\\'', etc, each of 2GB.
  
-or try modifying the -X=TEST to -X=c900-dfff+You can create one primary DOS partition
  
 ===== How kernel boot works and fdconfig.sys ===== ===== How kernel boot works and fdconfig.sys =====
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-- `AUTOEXEC.BAT` - Put all your stuff here. Like your init scripts and bash profile in one +  * ''AUTOEXEC.BAT'' - Put all your stuff here. Like your init scripts and bash profile in one. In 1.3rc5 this has been renamed to ''FDAUTO.BAT''. 
-- `COMMAND.COM` - The built-in shell. Akin to BusyBox or Bash. +  * ''COMMAND.COM'' - The built-in shell, akin to BusyBox or Bash. 
-- `FDCONFIG.SYS` - Boot configuration, menu configuration +  * ''FDCONFIG.SYS'' - Boot configuration, menu configuration 
-- `KERNEL.SYS` - The kernel binary itself. 48 KB! +  * ''KERNEL.SYS'' - The kernel binary itself. 48 KB! 
-- `FDOS\` - In newer versions like 1.3rc5, ''C:\FreeDOS' instead. +  * ''FDOS\'' - In newer versions like 1.3rc5, ''C:\FreeDOS'' instead. 
-- `FDOS\BIN\` - Executables+  * ''FDOS\BIN\'' - Executables
  
  
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-===== Basic commands =====+===== Built-in commands =====
  
 +Built-in commands that come with ''COMMAND.COM'':
 +
 +Enter: ''?'' to see.
 +
 +Built-in commands:
 +
 +  * ''path'' - Display executable paths
 +  * ''echo'' - Print text to terminal
 +  * ''cls'' - Clear the screen
 +  * ''which'' - Find where an executable is located. E.g. ''which fdisk''
 +  * ''vol'' - Disk volume information. E.g. ''vol d:''
 +  * ''mkdir''/''rmdir'', ''cd''/''chdir'', ''del'' ''rename''
 +  * ''for'', ''rem'', ''goto'', ''break'' - For loops and comments (mostly for batch scripting)
 +  * ''pause'' - "Press any key to continue..." that will wait before continuing
 +  * ''ver'' - Print version of Command.com (FreeCom)
 +  * ''copy''/''del''
 +
 +There are also built-in features like:
 +
 +  * Directory stack (''pushd''/''popd''/''dirs'')
 +  * Last directory (''cd -'')
 +  * History (''history'')
 +  * Tab completion
 +  * Aliases (''alias'')
 +  * Enhanced input
  
 - `ver`, `vol`, `mem`, `cls`, `which`, `path` - `ver`, `vol`, `mem`, `cls`, `which`, `path`
Line 152: Line 218:
  
 ===== Batch scripting ===== ===== Batch scripting =====
 +
 +Even in the most minimal install, you have ''COMMAND.COM'' which is the shell that has built-in commands. This shell is scriptable, like Bash. The scripts are called Batch scripts and end with a ''.BAT'' extension.
 +
 +<code batch>
 +REM Add comments with REM. It stands for REMARK
 +for %f in (*.ZIP) do unzip %f -x SOURCE/* -d d:\FreeDOS
 +
 +REM Turn off echo with:
 +@echo off
 +
 +REM Set environment variables with set
 +set
 +</code>
 +
 +
 +===== Mounting USB & CD drives =====
 +
  
  
 ===== Get software ===== ===== Get software =====
  
 +  * [[https://www.freedos.org/links/]]
 +  * [[https://www.freedos.org/software/]]
   * [[https://www.dosbox.com]]   * [[https://www.dosbox.com]]
   * [[https://archive.org/details/softwarelibrary_msdos]]   * [[https://archive.org/details/softwarelibrary_msdos]]
-  * [[https://www.freedos.org/software/]] 
   * [[http://dosprograms.info.tt/]]   * [[http://dosprograms.info.tt/]]
  
Line 181: Line 265:
 - Dialog - Dialog
 - sqlite - sqlite
 +- FDTUI (better than FDSHELL which runs at 100% cpu) - ''dosshell'' - terminal-based Windows system with mouse support
 +- IMGEDIT ''imgview'' and ''imgedit'' like Paint
 +- pmge ''pgm'' - a menu system for running programs
  
 ==== Installing manually in FreeDOS ==== ==== Installing manually in FreeDOS ====
Line 229: Line 316:
 Text Browser: Links C:\Links\links.exe Text Browser: Links C:\Links\links.exe
 GUI Browser: Dillo C:\DILLO\DILLO.exe GUI Browser: Dillo C:\DILLO\DILLO.exe
 +GUI Browser: Arachnae
 ===== Programming ===== ===== Programming =====
  
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 === Languages === === Languages ===
  
-- Lua: `C:\DEVEL\LUA\LUA.EXE` +  * Lua: ''C:\DEVEL\LUA\LUA.EXE'' 
-- Assembly: `fasm`, `jwasm`, `nasm` +  * Assembly: ''fasm'', ''jwasm'', ''nasm'' 
-- BASIC:  `FBC` (FreeBasic 32-bit compiler) +  * BASIC:  ''FBC'' (FreeBasic 32-bit compiler) 
-- C: `bcc` (Bruce's C compiler), `gcc` (djgpp C/C++ compiler), `ow` Open Watcom C/C++ Compiler +  * C: ''bcc'' (Bruce's C compiler), ''gcc'' (djgpp C/C++ compiler), ''ow'' Open Watcom C/C++ Compiler 
-- Pascal: `FPC`+  * Pascal: ''FPC''
  
-== NASM ==+== NASM hello world ==
  
-Similar to the Linux hello world program except `int 80h` won't work because that's a Linux interrupt. In DOS its `int 21`+Similar to the Linux hello world program except ''int 80h'' won't work because that's a Linux interrupt. In DOS its ''int 21'' 
 + 
 +== VGA programming == 
 + 
 +Screen 13! How to do it in assembly with interrupt, and how to do it in BASIC with SCREEN 13. Where is the VGA memory location. It's as easy as writing to the memory location.
  
 == Lua == == Lua ==
Line 250: Line 341:
  
 == BASIC == == BASIC ==
 +
 += BWBASIC =
 +
 +Bytewater must be run with a 32-bit protected mode DOS extender like ''dos32a''.
 +
 +<code>
 +dos32a bwbasic.exe
 +</code>
 +
 += FreeBASIC =
  
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tIGokkohQho https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tIGokkohQho
Line 265: Line 366:
 ``` ```
  
-== C ==+== C/C++ == 
 + 
 + 
 + 
 += OpenWatcom = 
 + 
 +  * There is ''conio.h'' for terminal (like ncurses) 
 +  * and ''graph.h'' for doing graphics 
 + 
 +<code> 
 +REM Without this env var, linker fails 
 +set WATCOM=C:\devel\watcomc 
 + 
 +REM wcc, wpp, wlink - compilers & linker 
 +REM wcl - compile and link in one 
 +wcl hello.cpp /IC:\devel\watcomc\h 
 + 
 +REM TO allow the omission of /I flag set INCLUDE 
 +set INCLUDE=C:\devel\watcomc\h 
 + 
 +REM Now you can simply compile & link with: 
 +wcl hello.cpp 
 +</code> 
 + 
 += DJGPP =
  
 Make sure DJGPP is installed from the FreeDOS CD-ROM using `fdimples`. Make sure DJGPP is installed from the FreeDOS CD-ROM using `fdimples`.
operating_systems/freedos.1647311788.txt.gz · Last modified: 2022/03/15 02:36 by nanodano

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