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operating_systems:freedos [2022/03/15 00:38] nanodano |
operating_systems:freedos [2022/03/21 23:53] (current) nanodano [Dealing with JemmEx out of memory error] |
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- To learn more about operating systems, history, programming, | - To learn more about operating systems, history, programming, | ||
- For fun of retro computing | - For fun of retro computing | ||
- | - Portable - anyone can run it, low system requirements. Run it on a 40 year old computer up to a modern 2021 computer. The x86 chips we have in all of our desktops are backwards compatible to the 16-bit 8086. They will mimic it. It will run on anything running current era hardware with x86 instructions! Really cool! People with powerful hardware can run the DosBox emulator | + | - Portable - anyone can run it, low system requirements. Run it on a 40 year old computer up to a modern 2021 computer. The x86 chips we have in all of our desktops are backwards compatible to the 16-bit 8086. They will mimic it. It will run on anything running current era hardware with x86 instructions! Really cool! |
+ | |||
+ | ===== DosBox | ||
+ | |||
+ | DosBox vs FreeDOS (One is an emulator | ||
- | DosBox vs FreeDOS (One is an emulator, one is a true OS) | ||
- | DOS is single user/no user. Always root access to everything. | ||
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===== Installing ===== | ===== Installing ===== | ||
- | Download and installed. | ||
- | Run it | ||
- | https:// | ||
- | `mount c ~` will mount your home directory to C:\ | + | |
+ | ==== Minimal manual installation ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Video on installing manually: [[https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | Steps: | ||
+ | |||
+ | - Partition the disk with '' | ||
+ | - Create a file system on the partition with '' | ||
+ | - Make the disk bootable and copy kernel with '' | ||
+ | - Optionally, install any desired packages by unzipping and copying them over | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | # Partition the disk, create file system, make bootable | ||
+ | # and install the kernel.sys + command.com | ||
+ | fdisk | ||
+ | # Reboot after this doing fdisk! | ||
+ | format d: | ||
+ | sys d: | ||
+ | |||
+ | ## Example of how to " | ||
+ | C: | ||
+ | cd \PACKAGES\BASE | ||
+ | # `-x SOURCE/*` will exclude files in source directories | ||
+ | # `-d sets the destination | ||
+ | for %f in (*.ZIP) do unzip %f -x SOURCE/* -d d: | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | By performing those steps, you have a minimal bootable system. There will only be two files on the drive: | ||
+ | |||
+ | * '' | ||
+ | * '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | If you boot up and get a prompt, excellent. Type ''?'' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Example steps: | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Boot into the Live mode from the install disk | ||
+ | * Run '' | ||
+ | * Run '' | ||
+ | * Run '' | ||
+ | * At this point the system should be bootable and you will load into the typical '' | ||
+ | * To install additional application, | ||
+ | * The '' | ||
+ | * To see what is in a zip file, '' | ||
+ | * To install everything in a directory (omit -x if you do not want to exclude sources): '' | ||
+ | * | ||
==== Use installer ==== | ==== Use installer ==== | ||
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- | - | ||
- | ==== Manual installation ==== | ||
- | Video on installing manually: https:// | ||
- | Steps: | + | ==== Dealing with JemmEx out of memory error ==== |
- | - Partition the disk with '' | + | [[https://www.youtube.com/ |
- | - Create a file system on the partition with '' | + | |
- | - Make the disk bootable and copy kernel with '' | + | |
- | - Unzip any desired packages into the '' | + | |
- | Example steps: | + | Edit '' |
- | * Boot into the Live mode from the install disk | + | Also refer to [[http:// |
- | * Run '' | + | |
- | * Run '' | + | < |
- | * Run '' | + | # Change from this |
- | * To install additional application, unzip programs from the '' | + | 1?DEVICE=C:\FDOS\BIN\JEMMEX.EXE NOEMS X=TEST I=TEST NOVME NOINVLPG |
- | * The '' | + | # to this |
- | * To see what is in a zip file, '' | + | 1? |
- | * To install everything in a directory (omit -x if you do not want to exclude sources): | + | </code> |
- | * | + | |
+ | ==== Dealing with unable to read hard disk error ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | When you use '' | ||
+ | You can create one primary DOS partition | ||
===== How kernel boot works and fdconfig.sys ===== | ===== How kernel boot works and fdconfig.sys ===== | ||
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- | - `AUTOEXEC.BAT` - Put all your stuff here. Like your init scripts and bash profile in one | + | * '' |
- | - `COMMAND.COM` | + | * '' |
- | - `FDCONFIG.SYS` - Boot configuration, | + | * '' |
- | - `KERNEL.SYS` - The kernel binary itself. 48 KB! | + | * '' |
- | - `FDOS\` | + | * '' |
- | - `FDOS\BIN\` - Executables | + | * '' |
- | ===== Basic commands ===== | ||
- | - `?`, `help`, Adding ` /?` | + | ===== Getting help ===== |
+ | |||
+ | You can always type ''?'' | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | ? | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | - ''?'' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Adding ` /?` | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | |||
+ | dir /? | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Built-in commands ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Built-in commands that come with '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Enter: ''?'' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Built-in commands: | ||
+ | |||
+ | * '' | ||
+ | * '' | ||
+ | * '' | ||
+ | * '' | ||
+ | * '' | ||
+ | * '' | ||
+ | * '' | ||
+ | * '' | ||
+ | * '' | ||
+ | * '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | There are also built-in features like: | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Directory stack ('' | ||
+ | * Last directory ('' | ||
+ | * History ('' | ||
+ | * Tab completion | ||
+ | * Aliases ('' | ||
+ | * Enhanced input | ||
- `ver`, `vol`, `mem`, `cls`, `which`, `path` | - `ver`, `vol`, `mem`, `cls`, `which`, `path` | ||
- `cd`, `dir`, `dir /w`, `tree`, `| more`, `mkdir`, `echo hi > test.txt`, `rmdir`, `deltree` | - `cd`, `dir`, `dir /w`, `tree`, `| more`, `mkdir`, `echo hi > test.txt`, `rmdir`, `deltree` | ||
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C: | C: | ||
</ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Batch scripting ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Even in the most minimal install, you have '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | <code batch> | ||
+ | REM Add comments with REM. It stands for REMARK | ||
+ | for %f in (*.ZIP) do unzip %f -x SOURCE/* -d d:\FreeDOS | ||
+ | |||
+ | REM Turn off echo with: | ||
+ | @echo off | ||
+ | |||
+ | REM Set environment variables with set | ||
+ | set | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Mounting USB & CD drives ===== | ||
+ | |||
===== Get software ===== | ===== Get software ===== | ||
+ | * [[https:// | ||
+ | * [[https:// | ||
* [[https:// | * [[https:// | ||
* [[https:// | * [[https:// | ||
- | * [[https://www.freedos.org/ | + | * [[http://dosprograms.info.tt/]] |
==== Using fdimples package manager ==== | ==== Using fdimples package manager ==== | ||
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- Dialog | - Dialog | ||
- sqlite | - sqlite | ||
+ | - FDTUI (better than FDSHELL which runs at 100% cpu) - '' | ||
+ | - IMGEDIT '' | ||
+ | - pmge '' | ||
==== Installing manually in FreeDOS ==== | ==== Installing manually in FreeDOS ==== | ||
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Text Browser: Links C: | Text Browser: Links C: | ||
GUI Browser: Dillo C: | GUI Browser: Dillo C: | ||
+ | GUI Browser: Arachnae | ||
===== Programming ===== | ===== Programming ===== | ||
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=== Languages === | === Languages === | ||
- | - Lua: `C: | + | * Lua: '' |
- | - Assembly: | + | |
- | - BASIC: | + | |
- | - C: `bcc` (Bruce' | + | |
- | - Pascal: | + | |
- | == NASM == | + | == NASM hello world == |
- | Similar to the Linux hello world program except | + | Similar to the Linux hello world program except |
+ | |||
+ | == VGA programming == | ||
+ | |||
+ | Screen 13! How to do it in assembly with interrupt, and how to do it in BASIC with SCREEN 13. Where is the VGA memory location. It's as easy as writing to the memory location. | ||
== Lua == | == Lua == | ||
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== BASIC == | == BASIC == | ||
+ | |||
+ | = BWBASIC = | ||
+ | |||
+ | Bytewater must be run with a 32-bit protected mode DOS extender like '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | dos32a bwbasic.exe | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | = FreeBASIC = | ||
https:// | https:// | ||
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``` | ``` | ||
- | == C == | + | == C/C++ == |
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | = OpenWatcom = | ||
+ | |||
+ | * There is '' | ||
+ | * and '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | REM Without this env var, linker fails | ||
+ | set WATCOM=C: | ||
+ | |||
+ | REM wcc, wpp, wlink - compilers & linker | ||
+ | REM wcl - compile and link in one | ||
+ | wcl hello.cpp / | ||
+ | |||
+ | REM TO allow the omission of /I flag set INCLUDE | ||
+ | set INCLUDE=C: | ||
+ | |||
+ | REM Now you can simply compile & link with: | ||
+ | wcl hello.cpp | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | = DJGPP = | ||
Make sure DJGPP is installed from the FreeDOS CD-ROM using `fdimples`. | Make sure DJGPP is installed from the FreeDOS CD-ROM using `fdimples`. |